1 -  Diagnostic tools are methods to determine WHAT is going on with your patient. Treatments are the specific actions, procedures, or medications that you give in order to RESOLVE the current, most pressing (life-threatening) issue.  

  For example: a cardiac cath is a way to diagnose and treat the pt. having an MI.  We use it in order to complete an angiography so that we can illuminate the coronary arteries and see exactly where the issue is in the vessels.  Once the vessels are illuminated and the location of the blockages are identified, the cath is then used to perform an angioplasty to clear the blocked vessel pathways.  

S/S ARE NOT A DEFINITIVE DIAGNOSTIC CONFIRMATION TOOL

 

2 - LEUKEMIA VS HEMOPHILIA

   Leukemia is cancer of the body's blood-forming tissues (tissues that produce RBCs, WBCs & Platelets) including the bone marrow and the lymphatic system.   The cells produced are too immature to do their jobs efficiently and they reproduce extremely quickly. The cell most affected is most often the white blood cell.  However, since ALL of the cells can be affected, you may see s/s that favor other disorders like:

     fatigue, weakness, easy bleeding or bruising, recurrent nosebleeds or bone pain; 

   The difference with Leukemia is that because of the effect on the WBCs, then the pt at a much higher risk of infection.  

 

Hemophilia occurs when clotting factors (proteins) required for your body to create a clot don't exist.  Bleeding & bruising are an issue as well, not because there's abnormal platelets being produced, as in Leukemia. 

 

3 - Congestive Heart Failure is treated with diet & lifestyle modifications, medications that increase the productivity of the heart & decrease resistance in the vessels.  The frothy sputum comes from the regurgitation of blood / fluid into the lungs = pink sputum (pulmonary congestion)

 

4 - SHOCK = what occurs when your body's organs aren't receiving enough O2  or nutrients.  Repair or removal of the cause of shock is vital

 

PLEASE STUDY!!! THIS EXAM IS NOT A PIECE OF CAKE!! 

 

Based on the dx, tx, s/s given, identify the medical disorders that are being described